The Isolation of Poliomyelitis Virus
نویسنده
چکیده
The possibility that the occurrence of virus in stools may form a link in the chain of events operating in the spread of poliomyelitis makes it important to know how long virus is excreted. Little is known of the persistence of virus in stools beyond the first four weeks of the disease. The -literature up to 1940 has been summarized by Trask, Paul, and Vignec (2, 3). These surveys indicate that virus is excreted frequently during the first three or four weeks, and rarely thereafter. The number of tests on late specimens however, was few, and insufficient to form the basis for conclusions as to the period of infectivity of stools. The outstanding example of long persistence of the virus was reported in 1939 by Lepine and his associates (4), who demonstrated it in the feces of a child 74 and 123 days after the abortive disease. Since 1940 two late isolations have been reported: one by Howitt, Buss, and Shaffrath (5), 50 days, and another by Wenner and Casey (6), 45 days after the onset of poliomyelitis. Piszczek, Shaughnessy, Zichis, and Levinson (7) recovered virus from the stools of a healthy contact who had been exposed one and two months before the specimen was collected, and Brown, Francis, and Pearson (8) found virus in the stool of a contact 19 days before the individual developed paralytic poliomyelitis. The present study was undertaken to determine the average duration of excretion of virus in stools of patients following acute infection, and to ascertain whether a chronic carrier state similar to that occurring in typhoid fever exists in poliomyelitis.
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